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Título : Superior Beings If They Exist How Would We Know? : Game-Theoretic Implications of Omniscience, Omnipotence, Immortality, and Incomprehensibility Tipo de documento: documento electrónico Autores: Brams, Steven J ; SpringerLink (Online service) Editorial: New York, NY : Springer New York Fecha de publicación: 2007 Número de páginas: XXIV, 202 p. 32 illus Il.: online resource ISBN/ISSN/DL: 978-0-387-48077-0 Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy Epistemology Game theory Popular works Economic Theory, Economics, Social and Behav. Sciences Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods Science, general Philosophy, Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The central question posed in this book is: If there existed a superior being who possessed the supernatural qualities of omniscience, omnipotence, immortality, and incomprehensibility, how would he/she act differently from us? The mathematical theory of games is used to define each of these qualities, and different assumptions about the rules of play in several theological games that might be played between ordinary human beings and superior beings like God are posited. Implications of these definitions and assumptions are developed and used to explore such questions as: are God's superior powers compatible with human free will? Can they be reconciled with the problem of evil in the world? In what situation is God's existence "decidable" in gamelike relationships He migh have with us? By endowing omniscience/omnipotence/immortality/incomprehensibility with unambiguous meanings, the author shows how game theory can help breathe life into questions that have been dismissed too quickly simply because they are metaphysical--outside the world of experience. Thereby he clarifies the structure of our thought about an ultimate reality, whether or not it is viewed as religious. Reviews from the first edition: "[Brams's] arguments, some of them quite complicated, are presented clearly and enough background information is given to enable the non-expert in game theory to follow what is going on." - H.N.V. Temperley, Nature (March, 1984) "Superior Beings is an extraordinary book... He [Brams] uses strikingly simple models and generally transparent logic to make some surprising inferences about superiority. His inquiry is carried out with great inventiveness and care, and his book is highly recommended to those interested in religion, philosophy, and the contribution of logical analysis." - D. Marc Kilgur, American Scientist (1984) "Brams has performed a service in deominstrating that rational analysis need not stop where issues involving faith and emotion begin." - Peter Bennett, New Scientist (1 March, 1984) "Does game-theoretic theory exist? This book is a fresh partial answer, modestly phrased and interestingly written. Readers will enjoy it and learn from it whether or not the believe in either God or von Neumann." - Dr. Paul R. Halmos, Indiana University "Professor Brams has boldly invaded an unexplored region where modern game theory and decision theory find applications to monotheistic theology. His carefully constructed arguments would have perplexed Maimonides, Aquinas, Luther, or the great Muslim thinkers... But it is hard to see how they can be ignored by contemporary theologians." - Martin Gardener "[Brams's] work can be highly recommended as collateral reading for introdcutory courses on mathematical modeling in the social, managerial and decision science-now perhaps even in theology." - William F. Lucas, American Mathematical Monthly (January, 1987) Nota de contenido: The Rationality of Belief in a Superior Being -- Omniscience and Partial Omniscience -- The Paradox of Omniscience and the Theory of Moves -- Omnipotence: Moving and Staying Power -- Immortality and Incomprehensibility -- Superior Beings: They May Be Undecidable En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48077-0 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34474 Superior Beings If They Exist How Would We Know? : Game-Theoretic Implications of Omniscience, Omnipotence, Immortality, and Incomprehensibility [documento electrónico] / Brams, Steven J ; SpringerLink (Online service) . - New York, NY : Springer New York, 2007 . - XXIV, 202 p. 32 illus : online resource.
ISBN : 978-0-387-48077-0
Idioma : Inglés (eng)
Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy Epistemology Game theory Popular works Economic Theory, Economics, Social and Behav. Sciences Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods Science, general Philosophy, Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The central question posed in this book is: If there existed a superior being who possessed the supernatural qualities of omniscience, omnipotence, immortality, and incomprehensibility, how would he/she act differently from us? The mathematical theory of games is used to define each of these qualities, and different assumptions about the rules of play in several theological games that might be played between ordinary human beings and superior beings like God are posited. Implications of these definitions and assumptions are developed and used to explore such questions as: are God's superior powers compatible with human free will? Can they be reconciled with the problem of evil in the world? In what situation is God's existence "decidable" in gamelike relationships He migh have with us? By endowing omniscience/omnipotence/immortality/incomprehensibility with unambiguous meanings, the author shows how game theory can help breathe life into questions that have been dismissed too quickly simply because they are metaphysical--outside the world of experience. Thereby he clarifies the structure of our thought about an ultimate reality, whether or not it is viewed as religious. Reviews from the first edition: "[Brams's] arguments, some of them quite complicated, are presented clearly and enough background information is given to enable the non-expert in game theory to follow what is going on." - H.N.V. Temperley, Nature (March, 1984) "Superior Beings is an extraordinary book... He [Brams] uses strikingly simple models and generally transparent logic to make some surprising inferences about superiority. His inquiry is carried out with great inventiveness and care, and his book is highly recommended to those interested in religion, philosophy, and the contribution of logical analysis." - D. Marc Kilgur, American Scientist (1984) "Brams has performed a service in deominstrating that rational analysis need not stop where issues involving faith and emotion begin." - Peter Bennett, New Scientist (1 March, 1984) "Does game-theoretic theory exist? This book is a fresh partial answer, modestly phrased and interestingly written. Readers will enjoy it and learn from it whether or not the believe in either God or von Neumann." - Dr. Paul R. Halmos, Indiana University "Professor Brams has boldly invaded an unexplored region where modern game theory and decision theory find applications to monotheistic theology. His carefully constructed arguments would have perplexed Maimonides, Aquinas, Luther, or the great Muslim thinkers... But it is hard to see how they can be ignored by contemporary theologians." - Martin Gardener "[Brams's] work can be highly recommended as collateral reading for introdcutory courses on mathematical modeling in the social, managerial and decision science-now perhaps even in theology." - William F. Lucas, American Mathematical Monthly (January, 1987) Nota de contenido: The Rationality of Belief in a Superior Being -- Omniscience and Partial Omniscience -- The Paradox of Omniscience and the Theory of Moves -- Omnipotence: Moving and Staying Power -- Immortality and Incomprehensibility -- Superior Beings: They May Be Undecidable En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48077-0 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=34474 Ejemplares
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Título : The Selected Correspondence of L.E.J. Brouwer Tipo de documento: documento electrónico Autores: Dalen, Dirk van ; SpringerLink (Online service) Editorial: London : Springer London Fecha de publicación: 2011 Colección: Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, ISSN 2196-8810 Número de páginas: VIII, 532 p Il.: online resource ISBN/ISSN/DL: 978-0-85729-537-8 Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy Logic History Mathematical logic Topology of Sciences and Foundations Philosophy, general Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: L.E.J. Brouwer (1881-1966) is best known for his revolutionary ideas on topology and foundations of mathematics (intuitionism). The present collection contains a mixture of letters; university and faculty correspondence has been included, some of which shed light on the student years, and in particular on the exchange of letters with his PhD adviser, Korteweg. Acting as the natural sequel to the publication of Brouwer’s biography, this book provides instrumental reading for those wishing to gain a deeper understanding of Brouwer and his role in the twentieth century. Striking a good balance of biographical and scientific information, the latter deals with innovations in topology (Cantor-Schoenflies style and the new topology) and foundations. The topological period in his research is well represented in correspondence with Hilbert, Schoenflies, Poincaré, Blumenthal, Lebesgue, Baire, Koebe, and foundational topics are discussed in letters exchanged with Weyl, Fraenkel, Heyting, van Dantzig and others. There is also a large part of correspondence on matters related to the interbellum scientific politics. This book will appeal to both graduate students and researchers with an interest in topology, the history of mathematics, the foundations of mathematics, philosophy and general science Nota de contenido: Introduction -- 1900 - 1910.- 1911 - 1920.- 1921 - 1930.- 1931 - 1940.- 1941 - 1950.- 1951 - 1965.- Appendices.- List of Enclosures, Editorial Comments and Editorial -- Supplements.-Biographical information.- List of letters.- Abbreviations -- Organizations and journals En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-537-8 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33129 The Selected Correspondence of L.E.J. Brouwer [documento electrónico] / Dalen, Dirk van ; SpringerLink (Online service) . - London : Springer London, 2011 . - VIII, 532 p : online resource. - (Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, ISSN 2196-8810) .
ISBN : 978-0-85729-537-8
Idioma : Inglés (eng)
Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy Logic History Mathematical logic Topology of Sciences and Foundations Philosophy, general Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: L.E.J. Brouwer (1881-1966) is best known for his revolutionary ideas on topology and foundations of mathematics (intuitionism). The present collection contains a mixture of letters; university and faculty correspondence has been included, some of which shed light on the student years, and in particular on the exchange of letters with his PhD adviser, Korteweg. Acting as the natural sequel to the publication of Brouwer’s biography, this book provides instrumental reading for those wishing to gain a deeper understanding of Brouwer and his role in the twentieth century. Striking a good balance of biographical and scientific information, the latter deals with innovations in topology (Cantor-Schoenflies style and the new topology) and foundations. The topological period in his research is well represented in correspondence with Hilbert, Schoenflies, Poincaré, Blumenthal, Lebesgue, Baire, Koebe, and foundational topics are discussed in letters exchanged with Weyl, Fraenkel, Heyting, van Dantzig and others. There is also a large part of correspondence on matters related to the interbellum scientific politics. This book will appeal to both graduate students and researchers with an interest in topology, the history of mathematics, the foundations of mathematics, philosophy and general science Nota de contenido: Introduction -- 1900 - 1910.- 1911 - 1920.- 1921 - 1930.- 1931 - 1940.- 1941 - 1950.- 1951 - 1965.- Appendices.- List of Enclosures, Editorial Comments and Editorial -- Supplements.-Biographical information.- List of letters.- Abbreviations -- Organizations and journals En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-537-8 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33129 Ejemplares
Signatura Medio Ubicación Sub-localización Sección Estado ningún ejemplar Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics / SpringerLink (Online service) ; Yadav, B.S ; Mohan, Man (2011)
Título : Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics Tipo de documento: documento electrónico Autores: SpringerLink (Online service) ; Yadav, B.S ; Mohan, Man Editorial: Boston, MA : Birkhäuser Boston Fecha de publicación: 2011 Otro editor: Imprint: Birkhäuser Número de páginas: XX, 218 p. 30 illus Il.: online resource ISBN/ISSN/DL: 978-0-8176-4695-0 Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy, Asian History of Mathematical Sciences Non-Western Philosophy Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: This book presents contributions of mathematicians covering topics from ancient India, placing them in the broader context of the history of mathematics. Although the translations of some Sanskrit mathematical texts are available in the literature, Indian contributions are rarely presented in major Western historical works. Yet some of the well-known and universally-accepted discoveries from India, including the concept of zero and the decimal representation of numbers, have made lasting contributions to the foundation of modern mathematics. Key topics include: The work of two well-known Indian mathematicians: Brahmagupta and Bhaskaracharya; The relationship of Indian mathematics to the mathematics of China and Greece; The transmission of mathematical ideas between the Western and non-Western world; A study of Keralese mathematics and coverage of the techniques used in the Sulbasutras; The calendrical calculations, complete with computer programs, enabling readers to determine Indian dates. Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics examines these ancient mathematical ideas that were spread throughout India, China, the Islamic world, and Western Europe. Through a systematic approach, it gives an historical account of ancient Indian mathematical traditions and their influence on other parts of the world Nota de contenido: Foreword -- Prelude -- Indian Mathematics in the Medieval Islamic World -- Brahmagupta: the Ancient Indian Mathematician -- Indian Calendrical Calculations -- India’s contributions to Chinese Mathematics up to the Eighth Century A.D. -- Some Discussions about how Indian Trigonometry affected Chinese Calendar-Calculation in the Tang Dynasty -- On the Application of Areas in the Sulbasutra -- Indian Mathematical Tradition with special reference to Kerala: Methodology and Motivations -- Mainland South-East Asia as a Crossroad of Chinese and Indian Astronomy -- Mathematical Literature in the Regional Languages of India -- Pascal’s Triangle in 500 BC -- André Weil: His Book on Number Theory and Indian References -- The Algorithm of Extraction in both Greek and Sino-Indian Mathematical Traditions -- Index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4695-0 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33089 Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics [documento electrónico] / SpringerLink (Online service) ; Yadav, B.S ; Mohan, Man . - Boston, MA : Birkhäuser Boston : Imprint: Birkhäuser, 2011 . - XX, 218 p. 30 illus : online resource.
ISBN : 978-0-8176-4695-0
Idioma : Inglés (eng)
Palabras clave: Mathematics Philosophy, Asian History of Mathematical Sciences Non-Western Philosophy Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: This book presents contributions of mathematicians covering topics from ancient India, placing them in the broader context of the history of mathematics. Although the translations of some Sanskrit mathematical texts are available in the literature, Indian contributions are rarely presented in major Western historical works. Yet some of the well-known and universally-accepted discoveries from India, including the concept of zero and the decimal representation of numbers, have made lasting contributions to the foundation of modern mathematics. Key topics include: The work of two well-known Indian mathematicians: Brahmagupta and Bhaskaracharya; The relationship of Indian mathematics to the mathematics of China and Greece; The transmission of mathematical ideas between the Western and non-Western world; A study of Keralese mathematics and coverage of the techniques used in the Sulbasutras; The calendrical calculations, complete with computer programs, enabling readers to determine Indian dates. Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics examines these ancient mathematical ideas that were spread throughout India, China, the Islamic world, and Western Europe. Through a systematic approach, it gives an historical account of ancient Indian mathematical traditions and their influence on other parts of the world Nota de contenido: Foreword -- Prelude -- Indian Mathematics in the Medieval Islamic World -- Brahmagupta: the Ancient Indian Mathematician -- Indian Calendrical Calculations -- India’s contributions to Chinese Mathematics up to the Eighth Century A.D. -- Some Discussions about how Indian Trigonometry affected Chinese Calendar-Calculation in the Tang Dynasty -- On the Application of Areas in the Sulbasutra -- Indian Mathematical Tradition with special reference to Kerala: Methodology and Motivations -- Mainland South-East Asia as a Crossroad of Chinese and Indian Astronomy -- Mathematical Literature in the Regional Languages of India -- Pascal’s Triangle in 500 BC -- André Weil: His Book on Number Theory and Indian References -- The Algorithm of Extraction in both Greek and Sino-Indian Mathematical Traditions -- Index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4695-0 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33089 Ejemplares
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Título : Gentzen Calculi for Modal Propositional Logic Tipo de documento: documento electrónico Autores: Poggiolesi, Francesca ; SpringerLink (Online service) Editorial: Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands Fecha de publicación: 2011 Colección: Trends in Logic num. 32 Número de páginas: XII, 224 p Il.: online resource ISBN/ISSN/DL: 978-90-481-9670-8 Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave: Philosophy Computer graphics Mathematics Linguistics Philosophy, general Mathematics, Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics Linguistics, Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The book is about Gentzen calculi for (the main systems of) modal logic. It is divided into three parts. In the first part we introduce and discuss the main philosophical ideas related to proof theory, and we try to identify criteria for distinguishing good sequent calculi. In the second part we present the several attempts made from the 50’s until today to provide modal logic with Gentzen calculi. In the third and and final part we analyse new calculi for modal logics, called tree-hypersequent calculi, which were recently introduced by the author. We show in a precise and clear way the main results that can be proved with and about them. Nota de contenido: PartI An overview of the sequent calcus -- PartII, Sequent caluli for modal logic -- Part III, Tree-hyperseqent calculi -- Reference -- Symbols and notations -- Index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9670-8 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33483 Gentzen Calculi for Modal Propositional Logic [documento electrónico] / Poggiolesi, Francesca ; SpringerLink (Online service) . - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011 . - XII, 224 p : online resource. - (Trends in Logic; 32) .
ISBN : 978-90-481-9670-8
Idioma : Inglés (eng)
Palabras clave: Philosophy Computer graphics Mathematics Linguistics Philosophy, general Mathematics, Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics Linguistics, Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The book is about Gentzen calculi for (the main systems of) modal logic. It is divided into three parts. In the first part we introduce and discuss the main philosophical ideas related to proof theory, and we try to identify criteria for distinguishing good sequent calculi. In the second part we present the several attempts made from the 50’s until today to provide modal logic with Gentzen calculi. In the third and and final part we analyse new calculi for modal logics, called tree-hypersequent calculi, which were recently introduced by the author. We show in a precise and clear way the main results that can be proved with and about them. Nota de contenido: PartI An overview of the sequent calcus -- PartII, Sequent caluli for modal logic -- Part III, Tree-hyperseqent calculi -- Reference -- Symbols and notations -- Index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9670-8 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33483 Ejemplares
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Título : Paradoxes Tipo de documento: documento electrónico Autores: Lukowski, Piotr ; SpringerLink (Online service) Editorial: Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands Fecha de publicación: 2011 Colección: Trends in Logic num. 31 Número de páginas: VIII, 196 p Il.: online resource ISBN/ISSN/DL: 978-94-007-1476-2 Idioma : Inglés (eng) Palabras clave: Philosophy Logic Philosophy, general Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The book is a monograph devoted to paradoxes of reasoning in the European tradition of philosophical logic. For each paradox, it analyses important attempts at its solution.The content is arranged according to the new classification of paradoxes presented by the author. The paradoxes discussed in the first three chapters can be called intra-linguistic ones. The first chapter analyzes paradoxes resulting from a clash between a logically correct reasoning and previously accepted opinions. The second one is devoted to paradoxes resulting from the error of ambiguity. The third one analyzes reasonings, whose paradoxical character originates in self-referent language constructions. Chapter four discusses paradoxes which are called ontological ones, whose existence results from a confrontation between the language description of reality and that reality itself. The book is written in a clear way and does not require advanced knowledge of logic. It is addressed to readers with either humanist or scientific educational background and deals with important problems of language, cognition and reasoning in an accessible way. Nota de contenido: Preface -- Introduction -- 1. Sophisms and paralogisms (paradoxes of: horses, Newcomb, Fitch) -- 2. Wrong intuition’s paradoxes (paradoxes of: common birthday, approximation, Stevenson’s bottle, Hempel, infinity) -- 3. Paradoxes coming from ambiguity (paradoxes of Protagoras, Elektra, horn-headed man, the club without a name, God’s omnipotence, stone) -- 4. Paradoxes of self-reference (Möbius ribbon (band), Klein’s bottle, liar paradox, Buridan, barber, Richard, Berry, Grelling and Nelson, unexpected examination, crocodile) -- 5. Ontological paradoxes -- 6. Epilogue -- Bibliography -- Subject index -- Name index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1476-2 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33489 Paradoxes [documento electrónico] / Lukowski, Piotr ; SpringerLink (Online service) . - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011 . - VIII, 196 p : online resource. - (Trends in Logic; 31) .
ISBN : 978-94-007-1476-2
Idioma : Inglés (eng)
Palabras clave: Philosophy Logic Philosophy, general Clasificación: 51 Matemáticas Resumen: The book is a monograph devoted to paradoxes of reasoning in the European tradition of philosophical logic. For each paradox, it analyses important attempts at its solution.The content is arranged according to the new classification of paradoxes presented by the author. The paradoxes discussed in the first three chapters can be called intra-linguistic ones. The first chapter analyzes paradoxes resulting from a clash between a logically correct reasoning and previously accepted opinions. The second one is devoted to paradoxes resulting from the error of ambiguity. The third one analyzes reasonings, whose paradoxical character originates in self-referent language constructions. Chapter four discusses paradoxes which are called ontological ones, whose existence results from a confrontation between the language description of reality and that reality itself. The book is written in a clear way and does not require advanced knowledge of logic. It is addressed to readers with either humanist or scientific educational background and deals with important problems of language, cognition and reasoning in an accessible way. Nota de contenido: Preface -- Introduction -- 1. Sophisms and paralogisms (paradoxes of: horses, Newcomb, Fitch) -- 2. Wrong intuition’s paradoxes (paradoxes of: common birthday, approximation, Stevenson’s bottle, Hempel, infinity) -- 3. Paradoxes coming from ambiguity (paradoxes of Protagoras, Elektra, horn-headed man, the club without a name, God’s omnipotence, stone) -- 4. Paradoxes of self-reference (Möbius ribbon (band), Klein’s bottle, liar paradox, Buridan, barber, Richard, Berry, Grelling and Nelson, unexpected examination, crocodile) -- 5. Ontological paradoxes -- 6. Epilogue -- Bibliography -- Subject index -- Name index En línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1476-2 Link: https://biblioteca.cunef.edu/gestion/catalogo/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33489 Ejemplares
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